A North Cameroonian cultivar of Hibiscus sabdariffa (Malvaceae) with calyces enriched in anthocyanins

Raynatou Ba Ibrahim; Sarah Orion; Olaf Werner; Pauline Gautier; Brigitte Njikeuntchi–Bureau; Loic Bureau; Brice Autier; Marylène Chollet-Krugler; Françoise Lohézic–Le Dévéhat

doi:10.62313/ijpbp.2024.153

Authors

Raynatou Ba Ibrahim University of Rennes (Univ Rennes), CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0224-0967
Sarah Orion University of Rennes (Univ Rennes), CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9806-1577
Olaf Werner Departamento de Biología Vegetal (Botánica), Facultad de Biología, Campus de Espinardo 20, 30100 Murcia, Spain https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0601-3964
Pauline Gautier University of Rennes (Univ Rennes), CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4664-6863
Brigitte Njikeuntchi–Bureau University of Rennes (Univ Rennes), CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7342-6688
Loic Bureau University of Rennes (Univ Rennes), CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0138-7918
Brice Autier University of Rennes, INSERM (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), IRSET (UMR-S 1085), EHESP, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6945-4359
Marylène Chollet-Krugler University of Rennes (Univ Rennes), CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0457-0962
Françoise Lohézic–Le Dévéhat University of Rennes (Univ Rennes), CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4307-4942

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62313/ijpbp.2024.153

Keywords:

Taxonomy, Extraction, Chromatography, Pharmacopeia

Abstract

Folere (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is a traditional plant cultivated in the north of Cameroon near the city of Yagoua. Calyces are used to prepare beverages while the leaves are incorporated into meals. This Cameroonian roselle is characterized by a higher intensity of red color than that found in conspecific samples from Egypt, and it was of interest to us to evaluate its beneficial activities in comparison with European pharmacopoeia standards. The samples were first subjected to phylogenetic analyses. Five samples including samples from Egypt and a white flower variety were subsequently examined according to the European pharmacopeia criteria i.e. (i) taxonomic identification, (ii) sample preparation and characterization (desiccation, TLC, coloring power, presence of foreign matter), and (iii) determination of the acidity index. Anthocyanins and anthocyanidins were quantified in three extracts from methanolic maceration, infusion, and boiling in water. Taken together, the results confirmed that the Cameroonian variety indeed belongs to H. sabdariffa and meets European Pharmacopoeia standards. All extracts contained common anthocyanins (delphinidin-3-sambioside, delphinidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-sambioside, cyanidin-3-glucoside), and delphinidin and cyanidin aglycones were also found in the organic extracts. As a result of anthocyanin quantification by HPLC in Cameroon samples, it was determined that they showed a high concentration of delphinidin type anthocyanins and a concentration 10 times higher than the Egyptian variety. This variety appears to be a very promising candidate for inclusion in industrial preparations, thanks to its high anthocyanin qualitative and quantitative properties, and also maintains economic interest for local populations.

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